What is the name of the fracture that involves the proximal ulna and anterior dislocation of the radial head?

The fracture involving the proximal ulna along with an anterior dislocation of the radial head is known as a Monteggia fracture. This type of injury is characterized by the combination of an ulna fracture, typically in its mid-portion, and dislocation of the radial head, which can happen due to trauma such as a fall. The mechanism generally involves a direct impact to the forearm or a fall onto an outstretched arm with the elbow in a flexed position.

Recognizing the specific anatomical structures involved allows for appropriate treatment strategies, including surgical intervention to realign and stabilize the bones as necessary. An understanding of this particular injury is crucial in clinical practice, as failing to identify the associated dislocation can lead to long-term complications for the patient, like loss of motion, instability, or chronic pain in the elbow.