Which rotator cuff tendon is most affected by impingement syndrome?

The supraspinatus tendon is the most commonly affected tendon in impingement syndrome due to its anatomical position and its role in shoulder mechanics. It is situated in a location where it passes under the acromion and is vulnerable to compression, particularly during activities that involve overhead motions. This compression can lead to inflammation, pain, and ultimately degeneration of the tendon.

The supraspinatus tendon is responsible for initiating arm abduction and maintaining shoulder stability by holding the humeral head in place during movement. When impingement occurs, it results in pain and functional limitations, impacting a person's ability to lift their arm or perform daily activities effectively. Understanding this specific association between the supraspinatus tendon and impingement syndrome is crucial for diagnosis and management in clinical practice.